C L A S S I F I C A T I O N O F L I V I N G T H I N G S –KINGDOM FUNGI AND PLANTAE- FORM TWO
C L A S S I F I C A T I O N O F L I V I N G T H I N G S –KINGDOM FUNGI AND PLANTAE
Topic outline:
1.1 Kingdom Fungi
1.2 Kingdom plantae
2. 1 Kingdom Fungi
Characteristic of Fungi
- Have
cell walls made of chitin
- Body
is mycelium made of thread like
structure called hyphae. Except
yeast
- Store food inform of glycogen
- They are heterotrophs, no chlorophyll.
- They are either saprophytes; feed on dead organic
matter, or parasites
- Reproduce
by spores, some by conjugation
Question
Yeast
is unusual fungi, give 2 reasons.
Division of kingdom fungi
1. Division Basidiomycota eg; Mushroom
2. Division Zygomycota eg; Bread mould (Rhizopus), Mucor
3. Division Ascomycota eg; Yeast
Economic
importance of Fungi
Useful/advantages of Fungi
- Some used as food. Eg; edible mushroom
- Decompose dead organic matter to add soil fertility
- Yeast used in baking, production of alcohol and soft drinks
- Used in production of medicine. Eg; penicillin is made from fungi
- Used in genetic engineering and research
- Used as a source of single cell protein (SCP)
Harmful/Disadvantages of Fungi
- Destroy materials such as wood
- Cause food spoilage and decay eg; bread mould,
- Some cause diseases. Eg; candidiasis
Characteristic
features of kingdom Plantae
- Their cells have cellulose cell walls
- Have chloroplast and chlorophyll
- They are autotrophs, manufacture their own food
- They are multicellular and differentiated into tissue, organ and system
Divisions of Kingdom Plantae
There are four divisions;
1.
Division Bryophyta. Eg; Liverwort, moss
2.
Division Filicinophyta (Pteridophyta). Eg; Ferns
3. Division Conifero phyta (Gymnospermae). Eg; Conifers
4. Division Angiospermae (Flowering plants)
1. Division
Bryophyta. Eg; Liverwort, moss Characteristics features of Bryophyta
- Have no true roots, stem or leaves
- Gametophyte generation is dominant over sporophyte
- Have no vascular bundles (no xylem or phloem)
- Habitat –Moist damp place
Economic importance of Bryophyta
Advantages
of bryophyta;
- Produce energy
- Add to soil fertility when die
- Prevent soil erosion
Disadvantages
of bryophyta;
- Grow and cover water bodies
- Their overcrowding avoid growth of crops in farms
2. Division Filicinophyta
(Pteridophyta). Eg; Ferns Characteristic features of Filicinophyta
(Pteridophyta)
- Have true roots, stem, leaves and vascular bundles
- Sporophte generation is dominant over gametophyte
- The leaves bear spores producing structure called sori
- Their leaves arranged spirally and are called fronds
Economic importance of Filicinophyta
Advantages
of Filicinophyta (pteridophyta);
- Prevent soil erosion
- Produce food and energy
- Formation of coal used as fuel
- Used for decoration
Disadvantages;
